It's just a mushroom, right? Mycotherapy - healing & medicinal mushrooms

08 September 2023 — by Linn Masch  

Fungi are often most known as pathogenic microorganisms. But aren't they also capable of doing good for your patients? Spoiler: yes, partly! Not all medicinal mushrooms are created equal, and their effectiveness can vary from mushroom to mushroom. While some medicinal mushrooms have extensive research to support their health benefits, there are others where the scientific evidence is limited or lacking. But let's take it from the top...

What are healing and medicinal mushrooms?

Many mushrooms have been used for centuries in traditional healing systems for centuries to treat illnesses. They are known as medicinal mushrooms due to their medicinal and health-promoting properties. The species include shiitake, reishi, almond mushrooms and the butterfly mushroom. These serve as food and are used in medicine.

Healing and medicinal mushrooms - what's in them?

Mushrooms consist of polysaccharides, proteins and fatty acids, and they are also rich in vitamins, minerals and fiber. The bioactive compounds in mushrooms are polysaccharides, triterpenes, steroids and flavonoids. The structure of the cell wall is crucial for fungi and this has a unique structure compared to other organisms such as plants and bacteria. It consists of several layers with different functions. One of the main components of the fungal structure are glucans, which are a group of polysaccharides, including cellulose and chitin. Glucans are divided into alpha- and beta-glucans, depending on the position of the glycosidic bond between the molecules.

What are the benefits of beta-glucans?

Beta-glucans have many potential health benefits, including the following effects:

  • Immune stimulation
  • Anti-inflammatory effect
  • Activation of antioxidants
  • Lowering of cholesterol levels
  • Promotion of insulin secretion

The immunostimulating effect of beta-glucans is achieved through the activation of macrophages, natural killer cells and T-cells. In addition, the release of inflammatory mediators can be inhibited and thus have an anti-inflammatory effect. By stimulating the immune system and recognizing and eliminating tumour cells, they can have an anti-tumour effect. Beta-glucans can also increase the production of antioxidants, such as glutathione, so that inflammation can be counteracted. By reducing the absorption of cholesterol in the intestine and increasing the excretion of cholesterol via the feces, beta-glucans can lower cholesterol levels. It can also influence the regulation of blood sugar levels by delaying glucose absorption in the intestine and promoting insulin secretion. Beta-glucans may therefore be effective in preventing pathogenic bacteria, parasites and viruses.

Phenols, aromatic compounds, are among the secondary plant substances of mushrooms. They act as radical scavengers, blood pressure regulators and anti-inflammatory agents. Other secondary plant substances such as di- and triterpenes, which belong to the terpene group, have effects on the organism. These can influence the growth and differentiation of epithelial cells. Furthermore, diterpenes are able to inhibit the transcription factor NF-KB and thus have an anti-inflammatory effect. Regular intake of potentially effective mushrooms can prevent neurodegenerative diseases.

Lentinula edodes - shiitake

The shiitake mushroom is one of the medicinal mushrooms whose health benefits have a solid scientific basis. It is impressive with its wide range of applications and broad spectrum of effects. In traditional medicine, shiitake is mainly used to treat colds, flu-like infections and immune deficiencies. It is also said to be able to prevent arteriosclerosis by strengthening the arterial walls and regulating cholesterol levels. Eritadenin is an secondary pharmacologically active component in the shiitake mushroom. It accelerates the conversion of LDL cholesterol to HDL cholesterol so that cholesterol in the blood is reduced. Shiitake also contains lentinan, a polysaccharide that is said to have a positive effect in supporting tumor treatment and inhibiting tumors. Shiitake mushrooms contain other vitamins and minerals, such as vitamin D (which also promotes calcium metabolism), ergosterol, B vitamins, potassium and zinc.

Agaricus blazei murrill - almond mushroom

The Agaricus blazei murrill, also known as the almond mushroom, belongs to the mushroom family and originates from Brazil. This type of mushroom is characterized above all by its high beta-glucan content and therefore helps to strengthen the immune system. The areas of application range from the treatment of chronic inflammation to allergies and autoimmune diseases. Agaricus blazei murrill also contains ergosterol. This molecule can be converted into vitamin D with the help of UV rays, thereby increasing the amount of vitamin D and its benefits.

Coriolus versicolor - butterfly ostrich

Coriolus versicolor is rich in beta-glucans, vitamins, minerals and trace elements. Like other healing and medicinal mushrooms, it can be used as a natural remedy for inflammatory processes of all kinds. In addition, it contains two active proteoglycans: polysaccharide-K, also known as krestin, and the polysaccharide protein complex. The butterfly ostrich mushrooms are used in some parts of the world for tumour therapy and are characterized in particular by not causing the side effects associated with conventional therapy. Both compounds also have an antibacterial effect and boost the immune system.

Possible applications

The wide range of applications and the immunostimulating effect of vital and medicinal mushrooms make them an ideal therapy companion in the treatment of your patients. Almost invisible helpers for the work in your practice. Among other things, you can use mushrooms for:

  • Immune activation
  • Support against infections
  • Tumor and inflammation inhibition
  • Diabetes and blood sugar regulation
  • Cardiovascular protection and hypertension
  • Protection of liver and kidney function
  • Skin health
  • Neuroprotection and memory performance
  • Pain
  • Osteoporosis
  • Support against allergies

Depending on the type of medicinal mushroom, the scientific evidence may often be limited or controversial. However, that doesn't mean they can't have potential benefits. It simply shows that more research is needed to better understand their effects, safety and best uses. So, the story is not yet written and there is still room for further discoveries and insights.

It's just a mushroom, right? Mycotherapy - healing & medicinal mushrooms

25 May 2023 — by M  

Fungi are often most known as pathogenic microorganisms. But aren't they also capable of doing good for your patients? Spoiler: yes, partly! Not all medicinal mushrooms are created equal, and their effectiveness can vary from mushroom to mushroom. While some medicinal mushrooms have extensive research to support their health benefits, there are others where the scientific evidence is limited or lacking. But let's take it from the top...

What are healing and medicinal mushrooms?

Many mushrooms have been used for centuries in traditional healing systems for centuries to treat illnesses. They are known as medicinal mushrooms due to their medicinal and health-promoting properties. The species include shiitake, reishi, almond mushrooms and the butterfly mushroom. These serve as food and are used in medicine.

Healing and medicinal mushrooms - what's in them?

Mushrooms consist of polysaccharides, proteins and fatty acids, and they are also rich in vitamins, minerals and fiber. The bioactive compounds in mushrooms are polysaccharides, triterpenes, steroids and flavonoids. The structure of the cell wall is crucial for fungi and this has a unique structure compared to other organisms such as plants and bacteria. It consists of several layers with different functions. One of the main components of the fungal structure are glucans, which are a group of polysaccharides, including cellulose and chitin. Glucans are divided into alpha- and beta-glucans, depending on the position of the glycosidic bond between the molecules.

What are the benefits of beta-glucans?

Beta-glucans have many potential health benefits, including the following effects:

  • Immune stimulation
  • Anti-inflammatory effect
  • Antioxidant activation
  • Lowering cholesterol levels
  • Promotion of insulin secretion

The immunostimulating effect of beta-glucans is achieved through the activation of macrophages, natural killer cells and T-cells. In addition, the release of inflammatory mediators can be inhibited and thus have an anti-inflammatory effect. By stimulating the immune system and recognizing and eliminating tumour cells, they can have an anti-tumour effect. Beta-glucans can also increase the production of antioxidants, such as glutathione, so that inflammation can be counteracted. By reducing the absorption of cholesterol in the intestine and increasing the excretion of cholesterol via the feces, beta-glucans can lower cholesterol levels. It can also influence the regulation of blood sugar levels by delaying glucose absorption in the intestine and promoting insulin secretion. Beta-glucans may therefore be effective in preventing pathogenic bacteria, parasites and viruses.

Phenols, aromatic compounds, are among the secondary plant substances of mushrooms. They act as radical scavengers, blood pressure regulators and anti-inflammatory agents. Other secondary plant substances such as di- and triterpenes, which belong to the terpene group, have effects on the organism. These can influence the growth and differentiation of epithelial cells. Furthermore, diterpenes are able to inhibit the transcription factor NF-KB and thus have an anti-inflammatory effect. Regular intake of potentially effective mushrooms can prevent neurodegenerative diseases.

Lentinula edodes - shiitake

*The star among medicinal mushrooms

The shiitake mushroom is one of the medicinal mushrooms whose health benefits have a solid scientific basis. It is impressive with its wide range of applications and broad spectrum of effects. In traditional medicine, shiitake is mainly used to treat colds, flu-like infections and immune deficiencies. It is also said to be able to prevent arteriosclerosis by strengthening the arterial walls and regulating cholesterol levels. Eritadenin is an secondary pharmacologically active component in the shiitake mushroom. It accelerates the conversion of LDL cholesterol to HDL cholesterol so that cholesterol in the blood is reduced. Shiitake also contains lentinan, a polysaccharide that is said to have a positive effect in supporting tumor treatment and inhibiting tumors. Shiitake mushrooms contain other vitamins and minerals, such as vitamin D (which also promotes calcium metabolism), ergosterol, B vitamins, potassium and zinc.

Agaricus blazei murrill - almond mushroom

The Agaricus blazei murrill, also known as the almond mushroom, belongs to the mushroom family and originates from Brazil. This type of mushroom is characterized above all by its high beta-glucan content and therefore helps to strengthen the immune system. The areas of application range from the treatment of chronic inflammation to allergies and autoimmune diseases. Agaricus blazei murrill also contains ergosterol. This molecule can be converted into vitamin D with the help of UV rays, thereby increasing the amount of vitamin D and its benefits.

Coriolus versicolor - butterfly ostrich

Coriolus versicolor is rich in beta-glucans, vitamins, minerals and trace elements. Like other healing and medicinal mushrooms, it can be used as a natural remedy for inflammatory processes of all kinds. In addition, it contains two active proteoglycans: polysaccharide-K, also known as krestin, and the polysaccharide protein complex. The butterfly ostrich mushrooms are used in some parts of the world for tumour therapy and are characterized in particular by not causing the side effects associated with conventional therapy. Both compounds also have an antibacterial effect and boost the immune system.

Possible applications

The wide range of applications and the immunostimulating effect of vital and medicinal mushrooms make them an ideal therapy companion in the treatment of your patients. Almost invisible helpers for the work in your practice. Among other things, you can use mushrooms for:

  • Immune activation
  • Support against infections
  • Tumor and inflammation inhibition
  • Diabetes and blood sugar regulation
  • Cardiovascular protection and hypertension
  • Protection of liver and kidney function
  • Skin health
  • Neuroprotection and memory performance
  • Pain
  • Osteoporosis
  • Support against allergies

Depending on the type of medicinal mushroom, the scientific evidence may often be limited or controversial. However, that doesn't mean they can't have potential benefits. It simply shows that more research is needed to better understand their effects, safety and best uses. So, the story is not yet written and there is still room for further discoveries and insights.